距离2023年6月英语六级考试愈加近啦，大伙做好筹备了吗？英语六级阅读要紧多训练多积累生词。因此，@沪江英语四六级公众号为大伙整理了2023年6月英语六级阅读理解模拟试题及答案（4），供各位同学参考训练。
2023年6月英语六级阅读理解模拟试题及答案（4）
Being a man hasalways been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females,but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal ofmale mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girlsdo. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys inthose crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, anotherchance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of ababy surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram toolight or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost nodifference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent ofevolution has gone。
There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive,but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except insome religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays thenumber of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us haveroughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and theopportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished.India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the greatcities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity oftoday―everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring meansthat natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class Indiacompared to the tribes。
For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological UTOPiahas arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physical change. No otherspecies fills so many places in nature. But in the past 100,000 years—even thepast 100 years—our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did notevolve, because machines and society did it for us. Darwin had a phrase todescribe those ignorant of evolution: “they look at anorganic being as average looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond hiscomprehension。” No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyondcomprehension for its ugliness. But however amazed our descendants may be athow far from UTOPia we were, they will look just like us。
15. What used to be the danger in being a man according to thefirst paragraph?
[A]A lack of mates。
[B]A fierce competition。
[C]A lower survival rate。
[D]A defective gene。
16. What does the example of India illustrate?
[A]Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people。
[B]Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor。
[C]The middle class population is 80% smaller than that of thetribes。
[D]India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate。
17. The author argues that our bodies have sTOPped evolving because____。
[A]life has been improved by technological advance
[B]the number of female babies has been declining
[C]our species has reached the highest stage of evolution
[D]the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing
18. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
[A]Sex Ration Changes in Human Evolution
[B]Ways of Continuing Man's Evolution
[C]The Evolutionary Future of Nature
分析
15. What used to be the danger in being a man according to the firstparagraph?
依据第一段，做男性以前有哪些危险?
[A]A lack of mates. 缺少配偶。
[B]A fierce competition. 激烈角逐。
[C]A lower survival rate. 低存活率。
[D]A defective gene. 有缺点的基因。
【答案】 C
【考试知识点】 事实细节题。
【剖析】 文中第一段提到“做男性一直都充满危险，新生儿男女比率大约是105:100，但到了成年，这一比率基本持平，而在70岁的老人中女人是男士的两倍，但男士死亡率高这种常见状况正在改变，目前男宝宝存活率同女宝宝的基本一样高”这说明男性的存活率相对是比较低的。
16. What does the example of India illustrate?
印度的例子证明了什么?
[A] Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people。
富人总是孩子比没钱人少。
[B] Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor。
自然选择在没钱人和富人之间几乎不起用途。
[C] The middle class population is 80% smaller than that of thetribes。
中产阶级的人口比部落人口少80%。
[D] India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate。
印度是出生率非常高的国家之一。
【答案】 B
【考试知识点】 判断题。
【剖析】 用事例来证明是容易见到的逻辑思维模式。既然有事例，大家就需要看到它的论点是什么。本文中提到，“进化意义上的自杀还有一种办法：存活，但少生小孩”。第一“目前几乎无人像过去那样多育。除去在一些宗教社区，几乎没几名妇女会生15个孩子”表明了“当今生的数目同死亡年龄一样变得平均化，大家大部分人的子女数目大致相当”，再一次，人与人之间的差异和借助差异进行自然选择的机会减少了。第二，“印度证明了这样的情况。这个国家给大城市里的少数人提供财富，而给其余的各部落居民导致了贫困。今天这种每一个人的存活机会和子女数目都相同的极其显著的平均化意味着与部落相比，自然选择在印度社会中、上层人群中，已经失去了80%的效力”是为了证明“人与人之间的差异和借助差异进行自然选择的机会减少了”，换言之，“自然选择在没钱人和富人之间几乎不起用途”。答案应该是[B]选项。
17. The author argues that our bodies have sTOPped evolvingbecause____。
作者觉得大家的身体已经停止进化，由于____。
[A] life has been improved by technological advance
技术进步改变了人的生活
[B] the number of female babies has been declining
女宝宝的数目一直在降低
[C] our species has reached the highest stage of evolution
大家人种已经到达进化最高阶段
[D] the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing
贫富差距间有什么区别正在消失
【答案】 A
【考试知识点】 逻辑关系题。
【剖析】 文中提到停止进化是在第三段第一句“对大家来讲，这意味着进化已经结束”。第三段中指出，“在过去的10万年——甚至过去的100年中，大家的生活发生了变化，但大家的身体却没变。大家没进化。由于机器和社会替大家办了这所有”，“机器”代表的就是“技术”，因此大家可以断定[A]是正确答案。
18. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
以下哪一个比较合适做本文标题?
[A]Sex Ration Changes in Human Evolution 人类进化中的性别比率变化
[B]Ways of Continuing Man's Evolution 继续人类进化的方法
[C]The Evolutionary Future of Nature 自然进化的将来
[D]Human Evolution Going Nowhere 人类进化无路可走
【答案】 D
【考试知识点】 文章主旨题。
【剖析】 文章中在第一段结尾提到“因为大多数差异是由基因引起的，又一个进化的原因消失了。”第二段中说“再一次，人与人之间的差异和借助差异进行自然选择的机会减少了。”第三段提到“但大家的身体却没变。大家没进化，由于机器和社会替大家办了这所有。”这类都表明作者觉得进化机制已不再起用途，觉得自然进化机制已不可以再左右人口的出生率。在总结全文的第三段时，作者直截了当地指出，进化已经结束。因此可以觉得人类的进化是无路可走的。另外三个选项都不全方位或者不对题。
[D]Human Evolution Going Nowhere
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