问下老师们,once 引导的是时间状语从句还是条件状语从句,请举例说明。
once 用作连词,既能够表示“条件”(= if, as long as),也可以表示“时间”(=as soon as)。一般语法书,把它分别列入“引导条件从句”和“引导时间从句”的连词中。这需要具体语境具体判断,注意中文翻译。
下面援引词典中的例句,once 引导“条件从句”:
1. It isnt too difficult once you get the idea.
你一旦弄懂了,就不太难了。
来自柯林斯例句
2. You cant duck out once youve taken on a responsibility.
一旦承担起责任你就不可以逃避。
来自柯林斯例句
3. Its easy, once youve got the knack.
你一旦学会这个技能就容易了。
来自《权威词典》
4. once youre stuck in deep snow, its difficult to lever yourself out.
你一旦陷进深雪中, 那就非常难出来。
来自《简明英汉词典》
5. once youve given your word, dont try to back out.
一旦许下诺言, 就不要想翻悔。
来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
6. once you begin you must continue.
你一旦开始,便不可停下来。
来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
7. once we have promised, we should keep it.
一旦许下诺言,大家务必遵守。
8. We cannot move him from any decision once he has made it.
他一旦做出决定,大家就没办法使他改变。
9. Remember, once youve signed the contract, there is no turning back.
记住,一旦签了合同,就不可能反悔了。
10. once losing this chance,you cant easily find it.
一旦失去这次机会你就非常难找回。
11. once he is unemployed, he is done for.
他一旦失业就完蛋了。
来自《简明英汉词典》
12. once he opens his mouth, he never sTOPs.
他一旦打开话匣子就没个完。
来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
【要紧说明】once 引导“条件从句”时,多用一般目前时,表示一种假设,未必达成。仔细领会上面的所有例句,即使含有“时间”定义,但表示“条件”的成分则更大!引导“时间从句”时,多为过去时,表示动作已经发生。比如:
Hethrew himself intowork once he got back from his holidays. (= as soon as)他度假一回来就投身于工作。